Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *swergh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to be ill, to suffer

Hittite: istark- (I) 'erkranken' (Tischler 434)

Tokharian: A särk, B sark 'Krankheit'

Old Indian: sūrkṣati 'to heed, care or trouble about'

Armenian: erk `Mühe', erkn `Geburtschmerzen'

Slavic: *sorgā, *sorgъ

Baltic: *sir̃g- (*ser̃g-a-) vb. (1?), *sar̃g-in̂- vb. caus., *ser̃g-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *swurg-ō(n-) f., *swurg-ē- vb., *swurg-ia- vb.

Celtic: *serg- > OIr serg `Krankheit'

Russ. meaning: болеть, мучиться

References: WP II 529

Comments: In Arm a reflex of *s(w)erg-. As to Hitt ist- ~ IE s-, cf. an anologous corresp. Sl *stregǭ ~ Balt *serg- (see *sterg- 'to love')

Proto-IE: *swes-er- (Gr *hw-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sister

Tokharian: A ṣar, B ṣer (PT *(ṣä)ṣer) 'sister' (Adams 661)

Old Indian: svásar- f. `sister'

Avestan: xvaŋhar- 'Schwester'

Armenian: khoir, pl. khorkh `Schwester'

Old Greek: éor = thügátēr, anepsiós Hsch., pl. éores = prosḗkontes, süŋgenêis Hsch.

Slavic: *sestrā́

Baltic: *ses-ō̃ (-er-), *swes-r-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *swistēr f.; *swiz-já- m.

Latin: soror, -ōris f. `Schwester'; sobrīnus, -a `zur Schwester gehörig; Geschwisterkind', sobrīna f. `Kusine'

Celtic: OIr siur, acc. sïeir, gen. sethar, dat. sïeir; Cymr chwaer, OCorn huir, NCorn hoer, hor, Bret c'hoar `Schwester'

Russ. meaning: сестра

References: WP II 533 F

Proto-IE: *swey-

Meaning: to twist, to swing

Germanic: *swī-m-an- m., *swai-m-a- m., n., *swī-n-[ō]- vb., etc.

Celtic: *swil-, *swīsm-, *swim- > OIr cach-la sel ... in-sel aite `modo ... modo', MIr des-sel `Wendung nach rechts', tuath-bil `Wendung nach links', Ir seal `Wendung, Drehung; Zeitlauf, Weile'; Cymr chwyd `lebhafte Wendung, Kunstgriff', chwidl `sich im Kreise drehend, schwindelig', chwidr `schnell, hastig, flüchtig, unstet, vorschnell, übereilt', chwim n. `Bewegung, Regung, Antrieb', adj. `schnell, hurtig, flink', chwŷf m. `Bewegung, Wallung, Unruhe', chwyfio `movere', chwŷn a chwŷn `chritt für Schritt, nach und nach', chwil `sich schnell drehend, wirbelnd, tummelnd', chwyl, chwel `Wendung, Lauf, Verlauf, Zeitverlauf, Weile'; Corn wheyl `Arbeit', Bret fiñval, finva `sich bewegen, rühren'

Russ. meaning: вертеть(ся), раскачивать(ся)

References: WP II 518 f

Proto-IE: *swēid- (Gr hw-)

Meaning: sweat; to sweat

Tokharian: B syā- 'to sweat', syelme 'sweat' (Adams 721)

Old Indian: svéda- m. `sweat, perspiration'; svidyati, svedate `to sweat, perspire'

Avestan: xvaēda- 'Schweiss'

Armenian: khirt-n, gen. -an `Schweiss' (< *swidro-m)

Old Greek: ī̂dos n. `Schweiss; Hitze'; hom. īdíō, aor. īdī̂sai̯ `schwitzen'; hīdrṓs, gen. -ō̂tos, ep. dat. -ō̂i̯, acc. -ō̂ m./f. `Schweiss'

Baltic: *sweîd-r-a- (2) c., *swī̂d- (2) vb. intr.

Germanic: *swait-a- m., n., *swait-an- m.; *swit-ja- vb.

Latin: sūdor, gen. -ōris m. `Schweiss', sūdāre `schwitzen'

Celtic: Cymr. chwys, Corn whys, Bret c'houez `Schweiss'

Albanian: dirsë `Schweiss'

Russ. meaning: пот; литься (о поте)

References: WP II 521

Proto-IE: *swē, *swō (Gr hw-)

Meaning: part./conj.

Old Greek: hom. hōs 'wie', lokr. wóti 'was auch immer', att. hótis, hom. hóppōs, att. hópōs 'wie'

Germanic: *swē, *swa

Latin: sī 'wenn', sī-c 'so'; suad 'sie' OLat (Festus);

Other Italic: Paelign sua 'und'; Osk svaí, svae; swā; Umbr sue 'wenn', so-pir 'quicumque, qualis', surur, sūror, suront, sururont 'item'; Volsk se pis 'si quis'

References: WP II 458

Proto-IE: *swīg(')-, -k(')- (Gr s-)

Meaning: to keep silent

Old Greek: adv. sī̂ga `schweigend, im Stillen', sigǟ́ f. `Schweigen, Verschweigenheit', sīgáō `schweigen, verschweigen'

Germanic: *swīg-ē- vb., *swīg-a- vb., *swig-ō- vb., *swig-ia- vb.; *swīg-ō(n-) f.

Russ. meaning: молчать

References: WP II 534

Proto-IE: *s(w)okʷ- (Gr *h-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: juice, pitch, tar

Tokharian: A saku, B sekwe (PT *sekwe) 'pus' (Adams 698)

Old Greek: opó-s m. `Pflanzensaft', insbes. `der Saft des Feigenbaums, der zum Gerinnen der Milch gebraucht wurde, Feigenlab'

Slavic: *sòkъ

Baltic: *sak-a- m., *sak-ā̂ f., *swak-ā̂ f., -a- c, *swek-a- c.

Albanian: ǵak Blut

Russ. meaning: сок, смола (живица)

References: WP II 515 f

Proto-IE: *swol- (Gr h-)

Meaning: sole

Armenian: khail `Schritt, Tritt, Fuss'

Old Greek: hülías = toùs karpatínous tómous Hsch.

Latin: solea f. `Sandale; Hufschutz bei Zugtieren; Fussfessel', solum, -ī n. `Boden, Sohle'

Celtic: MIr fol.i.bond, acc. folaig, pl. solaig `Fusssole', OIr pl. dat. iar-snaib soilgib gl. zu "post aetates primae crepundia" = "nach den Grundlagen"

Russ. meaning: подошва

References: WP II 532

Proto-IE: *swombh- (Gr s-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sponge, tree-fungus; swamp

Old Greek: somphó- `schwammig, locker, porös'

Germanic: *swamm-a- m., *swamp-u- c., *sump-u- c.

Russ. meaning: растение (губка, губчатый гриб); мокрое место

References: WP II 534 f

Proto-IE: *tag(')-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to touch

Old Greek: hom. aor. ptc. tetagṓn `fassend, packend'

Germanic: *ɵak=

Latin: tangō, -ere, tetigī, tāctum `berühren, anfassen; hereinlegen, prellen; beinflussen, bewegen; conj. aor. tagam Plaut., tāctus, -ūs m. `Berührung, Tastsin, Einfluss', integer, -gra `unversehrt, unangetastet; unverdorben', tagāx, -ācis `dibisch'

Russ. meaning: трогать

References: WP I 703 f

Proto-IE: *tag-

Meaning: to set in a row, to order

Tokharian: A tāśśi (pl.), B tāś 'commander' (Adams 287)

Old Greek: tássō, att. táttō, aor. táksai̯, pass. takhthē̂nai̯, tagē̂nai̯, pf. tétakha, pass. tétagmai̯, va. taktó- `auf einem bstimmten Posten, in Reich und Glied stellen, feststellen, ordnen, regeln'; tagǟ́ f. `(Schlacht)ordnung, Befehl, Proviant etc.', tágma n. `Ordnung, Befehl, aufgestelltes Heer usw.', táksi-s f. `Ordnung, Aufstellung etc.', -tákǟ-s m. , adv. epitáks `in einer Reihe usw.'; epi-taktḗr m. `Befehlsgeber'; tāgó-s Aesch.+, -ā- in att. (but tăgoí was read by Arietarch. and others in Il. 23.160 -- LS) 'Führer, Befehlshaber'

Baltic: *tā̂g- vb. intr., *pa-tāg-u- adv.

Russ. meaning: ставить в ряд, упорядочивать

References: WP I 704

Proto-IE: *taist-, (*stait-)

Meaning: dough

Old Greek: stâi̯s (/stái̯s), gen. stai̯tós m. `Weizenmehl mit Wasser zum Teig angerührt'

Slavic: *tēsto

Germanic: *ɵais-m-(i)an- m.

Celtic: *taisto- > OIr tōis-renn, tāis `massam (farinaceam)'; Cymr toes `Teig', Bret toaz m. `Teig'

Russ. meaning: тесто

References: WP I 701 f

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